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Colt CAR-15

Colt's · Carbine

Colt CAR-15

Gas-operated (direct impingement) · 5.56x45mm NATO · introduced 1966

Also known as XM177, XM177E2, GAU-5/A

About the Colt CAR-15

The Colt CAR-15 is a select-fire carbine chambered in 5.56x45mm NATO, produced by Colt's Manufacturing Company since 1966. This American-manufactured firearm reflects the engineering traditions and quality standards of its country of origin, designed to meet the demands of both civilian and professional users in a competitive global marketplace. Featuring a 30-round magazine capacity, this carbine offers generous firepower for duty use and home defense. The 15.0-inch barrel maximizes accuracy potential and ballistic performance, making this an excellent choice for target shooting, competition, or field use. At 2720g (95.9 oz), this is a substantial firearm whose weight contributes to reduced felt recoil and enhanced stability during precision shooting. The aluminum alloy frame achieves a notable weight reduction compared to all-steel construction while maintaining the structural rigidity required for safe, reliable operation. This firearm represents its manufacturer's commitment to delivering a well-engineered, reliable product that serves the needs of discerning shooters seeking quality, accuracy, and dependable performance from a proven platform.

The CAR-15 became synonymous with Vietnam War special operations, frequently seen in the hands of Green Berets, SEALs, and MACV-SOG operators conducting classified missions behind enemy lines. Its compact size made it ideal for helicopter operations and jungle patrol work where the full-length M16 proved unwieldy. The weapon's distinctive crack and flash made it instantly recognizable on the battlefield.

Colt CAR-15 specifications

General

Type
Carbine
Action
Gas-operated (direct impingement)
Firing mechanism
Hammer-fired
Trigger
Single stage
Trigger pull
3.5 kg (7.6 lb)
Calibres
5.56x45mm NATO
Magazine capacity
30 rounds
Magazine
Detachable box magazine

Dimensions

Barrel length
381 mm (15.0 in)
Overall length
838 mm (33.0 in)
Folded length
757 mm (29.8 in)
Weight (empty)
2.72 kg (6.00 lb)
Weight (loaded)
3.30 kg (7.28 lb)

Barrel

Rifling twist
1:12 in (305 mm)
Rifling
Right hand
Grooves
6

Materials

Barrel
Steel
Receiver / frame
Aluminum alloy
Stock
Polymer
Finish
hard_anodized

Performance

Muzzle velocity (typical)
838 m/s (2749 fps)
Muzzle energy (typical)
1405 J (1036 ft·lb)
Effective range
400 m

History

Introduced
1966
Discontinued
1970
Production status
Discontinued
Country of origin
US
Designer
Eugene Stoner

Features

  • Telescoping stock
  • Select fire
  • Chrome lined barrel
  • Chrome lined chamber
  • Rotating bolt
  • Triangular handguard

Safety

  • Manual safety selector
  • Half cock notch

The CAR-15's unique XM148 moderator served dual purposes: acting as a flash suppressor and providing back-pressure to ensure reliable cycling with the short gas system. Early models suffered from severe muzzle blast and flash, which the moderator only partially addressed. The weapon earned nicknames including 'the Shorty' and 'the Stubby' among troops. The XM177E1 featured a 10-inch barrel while the XM177E2 extended this to 11.5 inches for improved reliability and velocity. The weapon influenced the development of the M4 carbine two decades later. Production ended around 1970 when Colt shifted focus to the M16A1, though many CAR-15s remained in service through the 1980s.

Colt CAR-15 variants

Similar models

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