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M4 Carbine

Colt's · Carbine

M4 Carbine

Gas-operated (direct impingement) · 5.56x45mm NATO · introduced 1994

Also known as Carbine, 5.56mm, M4, Colt Model 920

About the M4 Carbine

The M4 Carbine is a semi-automatic carbine chambered in 5.56x45mm NATO, produced by Colt's Manufacturing Company since 1994. This American-manufactured firearm reflects the engineering traditions and quality standards of its country of origin, designed to meet the demands of both civilian and professional users in a competitive global marketplace. Featuring a 30-round magazine capacity, this carbine offers generous firepower for duty use and home defense. The 14.5-inch barrel maximizes accuracy potential and ballistic performance, making this an excellent choice for target shooting, competition, or field use. At 2880g (101.6 oz), this is a substantial firearm whose weight contributes to reduced felt recoil and enhanced stability during precision shooting. The aluminum alloy frame achieves a notable weight reduction compared to all-steel construction while maintaining the structural rigidity required for safe, reliable operation. This firearm represents its manufacturer's commitment to delivering a well-engineered, reliable product that serves the needs of discerning shooters seeking quality, accuracy, and dependable performance from a proven platform.

The M4 was initially issued only to special operations units and soldiers who didn't need a full-sized rifle-aircrew, tankers, and officers. It wasn't until the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan proved the value of its compact size in urban combat that the M4 became the standard-issue weapon for nearly all U.S. military personnel, replacing the full-length M16.

M4 Carbine specifications

General

Type
Carbine
Action
Gas-operated (direct impingement)
Firing mechanism
Hammer-fired
Trigger
Single stage
Trigger pull
3.5 kg (7.6 lb)
Calibres
5.56x45mm NATO
Magazine capacity
30 rounds
Magazine
Detachable box magazine

Dimensions

Barrel length
368 mm (14.5 in)
Overall length
838 mm (33.0 in)
Folded length
756 mm (29.8 in)
Weight (empty)
2.88 kg (6.35 lb)
Weight (loaded)
3.32 kg (7.32 lb)

Barrel

Rifling twist
1:7 in (178 mm)
Rifling
Right hand
Grooves
6

Materials

Barrel
Steel
Receiver / frame
Aluminum alloy
Stock
Polymer
Finish
hard_anodized

Performance

Muzzle velocity (typical)
905 m/s (2969 fps)
Muzzle energy (typical)
1640 J (1210 ft·lb)
Effective range
500 m

History

Introduced
1994
Production status
In production
Country of origin
US
Designer
Eugene Stoner

Features

  • Collapsible stock
  • Select fire
  • Accessory rail
  • Chrome lined barrel
  • Chrome lined chamber
  • Rotating bolt
  • Flat top receiver
  • Picatinny rail

Safety

  • Manual safety selector
  • Half cock notch

The M4 differs from the M4A1 primarily in its fire control group - the M4 has 3-round burst (S-1-3) while the M4A1 has full-automatic (S-1-F). Initially, only special operations units received M4A1s, while conventional forces used the burst-fire M4. Starting in 2011, the U.S. Army began converting M4s to M4A1 standard under the Product Improvement Program, with 300,000 units upgraded. The 101st Airborne Division began fielding newly built M4A1s in 2012. The weapon features a flattop receiver with Picatinny rail for mounting optics and accessories. Chrome-lined barrel and chamber provide enhanced durability. Production is now shared among multiple manufacturers including FN America, Colt, and Remington Defense.

M4 Carbine variants

Similar models

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