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M4A1 Carbine

Colt's · Carbine

M4A1 Carbine

Gas-operated (direct impingement) · 5.56x45mm NATO · introduced 1994

Also known as Carbine, 5.56mm, M4A1, Colt Model 921, SOPMOD M4A1

About the M4A1 Carbine

The M4A1 Carbine is a select-fire carbine chambered in 5.56x45mm NATO, produced by Colt's Manufacturing Company since 1994. This American-manufactured firearm reflects the engineering traditions and quality standards of its country of origin, designed to meet the demands of both civilian and professional users in a competitive global marketplace. Featuring a 30-round magazine capacity, this carbine offers generous firepower for duty use and home defense. The 14.5-inch barrel maximizes accuracy potential and ballistic performance, making this an excellent choice for target shooting, competition, or field use. At 2886g (101.8 oz), this is a substantial firearm whose weight contributes to reduced felt recoil and enhanced stability during precision shooting. The aluminum alloy frame achieves a notable weight reduction compared to all-steel construction while maintaining the structural rigidity required for safe, reliable operation. This firearm represents its manufacturer's commitment to delivering a well-engineered, reliable product that serves the needs of discerning shooters seeking quality, accuracy, and dependable performance from a proven platform.

The M4A1 became the standard-issue weapon for nearly all U.S. military personnel in 2015, completing a transition from the full-length M16 that began in the 1990s. The SOPMOD (Special Operations Peculiar Modification) accessory kit transformed the M4A1 into the most modular weapon system in military history, with over 90 approved accessories.

M4A1 Carbine specifications

General

Type
Carbine
Action
Gas-operated (direct impingement)
Firing mechanism
Hammer-fired
Trigger
Single stage
Trigger pull
3.5 kg (7.6 lb)
Calibres
5.56x45mm NATO
Magazine capacity
30 rounds
Magazine
Detachable box magazine

Dimensions

Barrel length
368 mm (14.5 in)
Overall length
756 mm (29.8 in)
Folded length
757 mm (29.8 in)
Weight (empty)
2.89 kg (6.36 lb)
Weight (loaded)
3.46 kg (7.62 lb)

Barrel

Rifling twist
1:7 in (178 mm)
Rifling
Right hand
Grooves
6

Materials

Barrel
Steel
Receiver / frame
Aluminum alloy
Stock
Polymer
Finish
hard_anodized

Performance

Muzzle velocity (typical)
905 m/s (2969 fps)
Muzzle energy (typical)
1640 J (1210 ft·lb)
Effective range
500 m

History

Introduced
1994
Production status
In production
Country of origin
US
Designer
Eugene Stoner

Features

  • Collapsible stock
  • Select fire
  • Accessory rail
  • Chrome lined barrel
  • Chrome lined chamber
  • Rotating bolt
  • Flat top receiver
  • Picatinny rail

Safety

  • Manual safety selector
  • Half cock notch

The M4A1 differs from the standard M4 in having full-automatic capability instead of 3-round burst fire. The barrel was also thickened to better dissipate heat during automatic fire. The weapon features a flattop receiver with Picatinny rail for mounting optics and accessories. Chrome-lined barrel and chamber provide enhanced durability and corrosion resistance. Production is now shared among multiple manufacturers including FN America, Colt, and Remington Defense. The Mk 18 CQBR variant features a shortened 10.3-inch barrel for close-quarters combat. The weapon has undergone over 90 modifications since initial adoption to improve adaptability, ergonomics, and modularity.

M4A1 Carbine variants

Similar models

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